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Zabul Afghanistan; A province with a mythological culture
Zabul; One of the mythological regions of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Zabul province, which is located in the south of Afghanistan, borders Uruzgan province from the north, Ghazni and Paktika provinces from the east, and Kandahar province from the west. This province shares a 164 km border with Pakistan from the south.
Zabul Province, with an area of about 17,342 square kilometers, is located in an area where most of its surface is made up of mountainous and semi-mountainous lands.
According to the census of 2019, Zabul Province has a population of 384,349 people and is one of the least populated provinces of Afghanistan.
Zabul is a newly established province; Until 1343 and during the period of Mohammad Zahir Shah (1312-1352), the last king of Afghanistan, there was no province called Zabul in Afghanistan, and the areas that are known as Zabul province today were part of Kandahar province.
In 1343, Zabul province was established due to political motives and without considering the necessary conditions and characteristics, such as population and urban facilities.
Zabul province is very poor in terms of natural and water resources because it is located in a dry and scarce water area. Two permanent rivers named Arghandab and Tarnak provide the necessary water for parts of the province in Dai Chopan and Qalat districts. Traditional kariz and several seasonal rivers that flow mostly in spring and winter also provide part of the water in Zabul province, but it is not enough for all the districts of this province.
Zabul Afghanistan; A province with a mythological culture
Most of the people of Zabul are farmers and livestock breeders, and about 60% of the agricultural land in this province is irrigated and the rest is rainfed. Poppy is one of the most important agricultural products of Zabul province, and wheat, barley, corn, almonds and grapes are also other agricultural products of this province.
The provinces of Kandahar, Ghazni and Kabul are the most important domestic markets for the sale of agricultural products of Zabul, and Pakistan is the most important foreign market for its products.
Unemployment, especially among the youth of Zabul, has caused many of them to migrate to other provinces of Afghanistan and also to Pakistan.
Considering the underdeveloped structure of Zabul province and despite the efforts of domestic and international institutions and organizations in this province to improve the economic, cultural and health conditions, the welfare, health and educational facilities are still very small.
Zabul Province was under their control during the Taliban rule over Afghanistan. This province was removed from the Taliban’s control in 1380, but since 1385 and after the Taliban’s military forces resumed their activities, Zabul became one of the main centers of their activities.
The inhabitants of Zabul are more Pashtun, Hazara and Ghalzai. The common language in this province is Pashto and Dari Farsi.
Historical region of Zabulistan
Zabul Province is a part of the historical region of Zabulistan. This historical region was one of the mythical regions of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh and the eastern border of Iran, which covers the area around Hamon Lake to the current Zabul area in Iran, southwest Afghanistan and a part of Pakistan adjacent to this area. Some believe that the ancient hills of the burnt city were the center of this region.
Zabul Afghanistan; A province with a mythological culture
Zabulistan started from the southern part of the Hindu Kush mountain in Afghanistan and extended to the current Sistan; Khanate of Zabulestan was one of the best natural habitats in that historical period due to abundant water and good vegetation and Hamon river and lake.
In Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, many tragic and epic stories from the mythological culture of Zabulestan have been narrated, the most important of which is the love story of Zal and Rudaba, the result of which is Rostam.
Among other stories related to Zabulistan, we can mention the story of Rostam and his death and the story of Gershasab’s love; These stories include an important part of the mythology of Zabulestan region in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh.
Zabul districts; From Dai Chupan to Novbahar
Zabul is the thirteenth province of Afghanistan in terms of area. This province consists of eleven districts (city) named Atghar, Arghandab, Tarank and Jaldak, Dai Chupan, Shahjoy, Shamelzai, Shinkai, Qalat, Kakar, Mizan and Nobahar.
Atghar: It is one of the districts of Zabul Province, which is located in the south of it. The population of this district is about 14 thousand people.
Arghandab: This district is located in the northern half of Zabul province and its population is 36 thousand 298 people. “Arghandab” district has recently been captured by the Taliban.
Tarank and Jaldak: One of the districts of Zabul Province, which is located in its southwest, is Tarank and Jaldak; This district has more than 21 thousand people.
Day Chopan: This district is located in the northwest of Zabul province and its population is more than 43 thousand people.
Shahjoy: It is one of the districts of Zabul province, which is located in the east of this province. Shahjoy has more than 78 thousand people. This district has also recently been attacked by the Taliban.
Qalat: This district is the center of Zabul Province and has a population of more than 44,000 people. Qalat is connected to Kandahar in the west and Ghazni in the east by a road.
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